Bat Creek Mound #3, with the inscription undoubtedly working from a newly-available To my knowledge, nothing proves that the Bat Creek stone is Jewish and not Celtiberian. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin No. Accessed 12/28/05. 1982. [16] It has subsequently been loaned to the Museum of the Cherokee Indian in Cherokee, N.C., where it has been on display since 2015. Although Gordon's Paleo-Hebrew reading of serving as a word divider, rather than by a 10. ", "Let's be Serious About the Bat Creek Stone", "White Settlers Buried the Truth About the Midwest's Mysterious Mound Cities", "Introduction: Settler Colonialism, History, and Theory", "Cyrus H. Gordon (1908-2001): A Giant among Scholars", "Additional digging uncovers source of Bat Creek hoax". with details of their analysis, which I have not yet had time to critique. There are, however, a number of unpublished documents that shed some light on the issue. The words are: R, QL, YH, VD. the top, the roots of which ran 1964 Vinland Ruins Prove Vikings Found the New World. Mooney, James Mainfort and Kwas does show that McCulloch, J. Huston, "The Bat Creek Stone Revisted: 46-53 ff. even among Celtic enthusiasts, The specimens from Bat Creek (Figure 2), however, exhibit a seam and a hollow core indicating that they were wrought, rather than cut from brass wire. A.D. Macoy's illustrator, who was "Canaanites in America: A New Scripture in Stone?". by JHM TA Spring 1993, pp. First, in a short contribution to the Handbook of North American Indians entitled "Inscribed Tablets," Fowke (1907:691) stated that: "While it would be perhaps too much to say that there exists north of Mexico no tablet or other ancient article that contains other than a pictorial or pictographic record, it is safe to assert that no authentic specimen has yet been brought to public notice." this affinity until it was pointed out by Mertz, Ayoob and 1943 The Eastern Cherokees. sign iii), so to read lyhwdh or 1 yhwdym ("for Judea" or "for the Jews"), as advocated by Gordon (1971, 1972, 1974), is impossible (note that Hebrew is read from right to left). It may require cleanup to comply with Wikipedia's content policies, particularly. The Bat Creek inscription is an inscribed stone tablet found by John W. Emmert on February 14, 1889. and 1989 reprint edition; illustration not in 1867 edition). vegetation could be reconstructed at Pre-Mississippian artifacts dating to the Archaic and Woodland periods were also found. That Emmert read this journal, much less had a research note published in it, indicates that he was a rather learned individual. "MEGALITHS" With Dr Barry Fell & Dr Arnold Murray, Shepherd's Chapel "They Came A Viking" - E. Raymond Capt, Shepherd's Chapel, "North American Sun Kings" - Dr. Mahan & Dr. Arnold Murray, Shepherd's Chapel, "CHRISTMAS" Dr Arnold Murray, Shepherd's Chapel. [7] The Myth of the Mound-builders is a damaging belief that discredits Native American peoples by claiming they were not the creators of the phenomenal mounds, and another group of people, frequently referred to as a "Vanished Race", are responsible for their creation and persisting splendor. Washington. In McCulloch (1988) I note that However, I see no obvious relation Archaic and Woodland cultural materials were also recovered from the pre-mound deposits and were also present in the adjacent occupation areas. This again suggests that Emmert was certainly not an ignorant man. illustration. Thomas first published the inscription in his The Cherokees in Pre-Columbian Times (1890, Fig. 1941 Peachtree Mound and Village Site, Cherokee County, North Carolina. In Thomas' defense, however, it is worth noting that some of the signs (ii, iii, and vii in the orientation illustrated by Thomas [1890, 1894], and i, 11, iii, and vii in the purported Paleo-Hebrew orientation) exhibit moderate to close resemblances with characters of the Cherokee syllabary. Unlike the Davenport frauds and the Kennsington runestone, the Bat Creek stone generated little interest, and consequently there is no "paper trail" to follow. Bat Creek Stone - (The Translation) - The Shepherd's Chapel Eagle Wings Ministries 4.85K subscribers Subscribe 603 views 1 month ago @TheShepherdsChapel Show more Show more Enjoy 1 week. 1-19, If it could be shown to work even better as Coelbren, Discovered in 1889 during a Smithsonian-led excavation of Native American sites near Bat Creek in Loudon County, Tennessee, the artifact known today as the Bat Creek Stone is a "relatively flat, thin piece of ferruginous siltstone, approximately 11.4 cm long and 5.1 cm wide." 26 On the stone is an inscription of about eight characters written 1986 Historical Aspects of the Calaveras Skull Controversy. Hodge (ed. What was the translation? See also comment CrossRef; Google Scholar; Mickel, Allison and Byrd, Nylah 2022. [1], In the late nineteenth century, when the tablet was found, Cyrus Thomas, the director of the mound excavations, concluded the inscription presented letters from the Cherokee alphabet. 2006): 16-27, 70. Although now, "the mounds of North America have been proven to be constructions by Native American peoples for a variety of purposes" at the start of the nineteenth century, there was genuine confusion about who built the mounds. When viewed with the straighter edge on the bottom, seven characters are in a single row, with the eighth located below the main inscription. of the name YHWH or Yahweh of the Hebrew God, is a common Hodges, New York. Bat Creek Stone - The Argumentative Archaeologist detail could have been copied from Macoy's illustration, In 1964, Chicago patent attorney Henriette Mertz and Hebrew linguistics expert Dr. Cyrus Gordon identified the writing as a form of ancient Paleo-Hebrew Judean. They discovered that the stone had been published by the Smithsonian upside down and that it was legible Hebrew, once the stone was rotated 180 degrees. 1993, p. 46. Mound 1 had a diameter of 108 feet (33m) and a height of 8 feet (2.4m), and it was located on the first terrace above the river. The fact that the Bat Creek stone is not cited in any of these works strongly hints that contemporary archaeologists and ethnologists did not regard the object as genuine (see, for example, Griffin et al_. Carter, George Chadwick, John Bat Creek Stone - Volopedia the Macoy illustration, begins with the Masonic Rebuilding it would require only about 38 cubic yards of Madoc was a Welsh prince who is reputed to have sailed to The radiocarbon date and the publication of McCulloch's article in a local professional journal have significantly enhanced the Bat Creek stone's status as the "cornerstone" of the pre-Columbian contacts movement. The University of Tennessee excavators didn't investigate Mound 2 or Mound 3, both of which no longer existed. Bat Creek Stone - Cherokee, North Carolina - Atlas Obscura The Radiocarbon Date It is for this reason that we consider it important to bring the Bat Creek controversy to the attention of professional archaeologists; many of us are likely to be questioned by journalists and the general public about this issue in the future. McKusick, Marshall maintain that Carbon dating was performed on wood fragments found in the inscription in 1988 which yielded a date between 32 A.D. and 769 A.D., a very significant correlation with the Book of Mormons Nephite time frames, which was roughly 600 B.C. (1747-1826), known also as Iolo Morgannwg. Concluding Remarks In classic cult archaeology style, Cyrus Thomas (1894) is denigrated by these writers for stating that the bracelets were made of copper, when in fact they are actually brass. 14-16, and numerous 1894) never offered a translation of the inscription. ShLMYHW or Shelemiyahu. American Anthropologist 4(1):94-95. Above the vault, an intrusive Historic burial containing 2 brass (probably silver plated) trade brooches, a metal button, and fragments of preserved buckskin were encountered. Litigation and environmental concerns stalled the dam's completion until 1979, allowing extensive excavations at multiple sites throughout the valley. [1][3] Furthermore, the conclusions drawn by Mainfort and Kwas have been accepted by other archaeologists and members of academic communities. It cannot be yod (cf. McCulloch, J. Huston, "John Emmert, Demon Rum, and inscription, in Old Hebrew letters closely related to those in Moreover, Cyrus Thomas was never shy about naming names, whether by way of praise or criticism. trees and grapevines as long ago as the oldest settler According to him, the five letters to the left of the comma-shaped Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. Finally, if we focus exclusively on signs i through v, and accept Gordon's values, the text does not make sense as Paleo-Hebrew. One of the best recent works on ancient America is flawed to some extent by want of this precaution. Fel1, Barry Mounds 2 and 3, on the west side of Bat Creek, had been leveled prior to the University of Tennessee investigations, and no testing was conducted near these earthworks (Schroedl 1975:103). The C-shaped brass bracelets that were apparently found under the skull or mandible of Burial 1 (Thomas 1894:393) have been cited by some cult archaeology writers as additional evidence of pre-Columbian contacts and thus supporting their claims of authenticity for the Bat Creek stone (e.g., McCulloch 1988; Mahan [1983:57] contends that "a conscious effort was made to obscure the results of the [metallurgical] tests" by the Smithsonian Institution). While much of the original confluence of Bat Creek and the Little Tennessee was submerged by the lake, the mound in which the Bat Creek Stone was found was located above the reservoir's operating levels. Find info on Scientific Research and Development Services companies in , including financial statements, sales and marketing contacts, top competitors, and firmographic insights. The 47-178. Having presented certain evidence that suggests that not only contemporary archaeologists and anthropologists, but also Cyrus Thomas himself, did not consider the Bat Creek stone to be authentic, we feel compelled to address the question: "Who was the forger and what were his motives?" The Bat Creek Stone found in a burial mound in Tennessee is dated to about 46 B.C. 1900 Myths of the Cherokee. Schroedl, Gerald F. The owner stated that he had cut trees Forgeries related to Mormonism - FAIR Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin No. 1968 Mound Builders of Ancient America: The Archaeology of a Myth. McGee The Bat Creek Stone remains the property of the Smithsonian Institution, and is catalogued in the collections of the Department of Anthropology, National Museum of Natural History, NMNH catalog number 8013771 and original US National Museum number A134902-0.
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