The Romani people (gypsies) have been discriminated against in Europe for centuries. [29], Source: National Institute of Statistics[33]. [88] The First Bulgarian Empire had a mixed population consisting of the Bulgar conquerors, Slavs and Vlachs (Romanians) but the Slavicisation of the Bulgar elite had already begun in the 9th century. For the United States 2000 Census figures, almost 20% of the total population did not classify or report an ancestry, and the census is also subject to undercounting, an incomplete (67%) response rate, and sampling error in general. Minorities of Romania - Wikipedia Convention of the Hungarian Baptist Churches of Romania, Population exchange between Bulgaria and Romania, https://www.unfpa.org/data/world-population/RO, "Infant mortality rate - the World Factbook", "COMUNICAT DE PRES: 2 februarie 2012 privind rezultatele provizorii ale Recensmntului Populaiei i Locuinelor", "Refugees fleeing Ukraine (since 24 February 2022)", "Populaia Romniei, creterea alarmant: Suntem la nivelul Germaniei. Where . Roman Catholic Saint Joseph Cathedral, Bucharest, Wallachia, Roman Catholic St. Michael's Cathedral, Alba Iulia, Transylvania, Greek Catholic Cathedral of the Holy Trinity, Blaj, Transylvania, Greek Catholic Assumption of Mary Cathedral, Baia Mare, Transylvania, Roman Catholic St. John of Nepomuk Church, Suceava, Bukovina, Roman Catholic St. George Cathedral in Timioara, Banat. [173][174] Haplogroup R1a among Romanians is entirely from the Eastern European variety Z282 and may be a result of Baltic, Thracian or Slavic descent. Romania, country of southeastern Europe. Based on linguistic and archaeological findings, historians suggest that the Romanians' ancestors acquired polytheistic religions in the Roman era, later adopting Christianity, most likely by the 4th century AD when decreed by Emperor Constantine the Great as the official religion of the Roman Empire. The paper also mentions how "signals of Asian maternal lineages were observed in all Romanian historical provinces, indicating gene flow along the migration routes through East Asia and Europe, during different time periods, namely, the Upper Paleolithic period and/or, with a likely greater preponderance, the Middle Ages", at low frequency (2.24%). [65] It was reorganized as Dacia Ripensis (as a military province, devastated by an Avars invasion in 586) [66] and Dacia Mediterranea (as a civil province, devastated by an Avar invasion in 602). [170] The frequency of I2a1 (I-P37) in the Balkans today is owed to indigenous European hunter-gatherers tribes, and was present before the Slavic migrations to the Balkans. [68] The territory of the diocese was devastated by the Huns in the middle of 5th century and finally overrun by the Avars and Slavs in late 6th and early 7th century. The origins of the Romanian language, a Romance language, can be traced back to the Roman colonisation of the region. Hbork s hadvisels az rpdok korban [Wars and Tactics under the rpds] (in Hungarian). The National Institute for Research and Development in Informatics (NIRDI) gives the following numbers (the figure for 2020 was provided by the National Institute of Statistics - INSSE): Slightly more than 10% of the population of Romania is formed of minorities of Romania. In English, Romanians are usually called Romanians and very rarely Rumanians or Roumanians, except in some historical texts, where they are called Roumans or Vlachs. [103], The Byzantine chronicler Niketas Choniates writes that in 1164, Andronikos I Komnenos, the emperor Manuel I Komnenos's cousin, tried without success, to usurp the throne. sfn error: no target: CITEREFUnderhill_et_al.2009 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFUnderhill_et_al.2014 (, Molotov-Ribbentrop Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact, third largest ethno-linguistic group among Eastern Orthodox, Roman Catholic-Eastern Orthodox Schism of 1054, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "68 Million Romanians live outside Romania's borders", "Rezultate definitive ale Recensmntului Populaiei i al Locuinelor 2011 (caracteristici demografice ale populaiei)", "// Recensmntul populaiei i al locuinelor 2014", "Romeni in Italia - statistiche e distribuzione per regione", "Publikation Bevlkerung Bevlkerung mit Migrationshintergrund Ergebnisse des Mikrozensus Fachserie 1 Reihe 2.2 2015 Statistisches Bundesamt (Destatis)", "Anzahl der Auslnder in Deutschland nach Herkunftsland in den Jahren 2014 und 2015", "Poblacin extranjera por Nacionalidad, comunidades, Sexo y Ao. 9 (1971) p. 585-593. The Romanian population has traditionally and historically been rural dwellers. This article discusses the period from the founding of the city and the regal period, which began in 753 bc, through the events leading to the founding of the republic in 509 bc, the establishment of the empire in 27 bc, and the final eclipse of the Empire of the West in the 5th century ad. According to the 2011 Romanian census they number 51,703 people, making up 0.3% of the total population. The Greek Catholic or Uniate church, reunified with the Orthodox Church by fiat in 1948, was restored after the 1989 revolution. Transylvania, a third region inhabited by an important majority of Romanian speakers, was a vassal state of the Ottomans until 1687, when the principality became part of the Habsburg possessions. Or maybe descended from a Daco-Roman population. During World War II, the Kingdom of Romania lost territory both to the east and west, as Northern Transylvania became part of the Kingdom of Hungary through the Second Vienna Award, while Bessarabia and northern Bukovina were taken by the Soviets and included in the Moldavian SSR, respectively Ukrainian SSR. If to talk about color of hair, many Romanian women are brunettes. [115] Bla IV of Hungary's land grant to the Knights Hospitallers in Oltenia and Muntenia shows that the local Vlach rulers were subject to the king's authority in 1247. Supplementary Tables", "Microsoft Word - REZULTATE DEFINITIVE RPL2011.doc", "Total Fertility Rate around the world over the last centuries", "Eurostat - Tables, Graphs and Maps Interface (TGM) table", "Bun venit la Institutul National de Statistica - Institutul National de Statistica", "Welcome to National Institute of Statistics | National Institute of Statistics", "World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations", "The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency", "POPULAIA ROMNIEI PE LOCALITI LA 1 IANUARIE 2016", "GHO - By category - Life expectancy and Healthy life expecancy - Data by country", "Countries Compared by People > Total population > Age 25-29 >% of the total. Pop, Ioan-Aurel (1999),p. 44. In the de facto independent (but internationally unrecognised) region of Transnistria, the official script used to write Moldovan is Cyrillic. [90] Ibn al-Nadm (early 932998) published in 998 the work Kitb al-Fihrist mentioning "Turks, Bulgars and Vlahs" (using Blagha for Vlachs). The Roma culture has a rich oral tradition, with an emphasis on family. [159], Romano-Gothic Densu Church, Hunedoara, Transylvania, Romano-Gothic Strei Church, Hunedoara, Transylvania, St. Nicholas Church, Braov, Transylvania, Nativity of St. John the Baptist Church, Piatra Neam, Moldavia. In sports, Romanians have excelled in a variety of fields, such as football (Gheorghe Hagi), gymnastics (Nadia Comneci, Lavinia Miloovici etc. [175] The eastern branches of R1b represent 7%, they prevail in parts of Eastern and Central Europe as a result of Ancient Greek colonisation in parts of Sicily as well. [124] "Vlachia", "Great Vlachia", and the other variants began to fall out of use for Thessaly at the turn of the 14th century, and with the emergence of the Principality of Wallachia north of the Danube in the 14th century, from the 15th century the name was reserved for it. Following Constantinescu's single term as president from 1996 to 2000, Iliescu was re-elected in late 2000 for another term of four years. [154] The vast majority are Eastern Orthodox Christians, belonging to the Romanian Orthodox Church (a branch of Eastern Orthodoxy, or Eastern Orthodox Church, together with the Greek Orthodox, Orthodox Church of Georgia and Russian Orthodox Churches, among others). Descriptive analyses were conducted to report the socio-demographic characteristics (age, gender, ethnicity, education level, current residence, monthly household income, marital status) and other variables of interest for the study population. [70][71] The capital of the province was Tomis (today Constana). Chabout imagine la vie cache des muses dans un roman graphique For later events of the Empire of the East, see . ), tennis (Ilie Nstase, Ion iriac, Simona Halep), rowing (Ivan Patzaichin) and handball (four times men's World Cup winners). The Vlachs killed David in their first documented battle. Writing about ethnicity - GOV.UK Race and ethnicity, explained | National Geographic During the Middle Ages, Romanian was isolated from the other Romance languages, and borrowed words from the nearby Slavic languages (see Slavic influence on Romanian). Originally within the Byzantine Empire, but after the 13th century autonomous or semi-independent. III, Bucharest, 1975, VI, pp 3. Rizos, Efthymios (2018). What are Romanians like? - 15 surprising personality traits 341836. The Roman Empire then spread this culture far and wide, affecting diverse areas of the modern world. Datos provisionales 2020", "Estadstica de residentes extranjeros en Espaa", Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migration, "Table 1.3: Overseas-born population in the United Kingdom by country of birth and sex, January 2020 to December 2020", "According to the Secretary of State Romanian, Florin Crciu: In France alone we have 500,000 Romanians, more than what the French State declares today", "Ci romni muncesc n strintate i unde sunt cei mai muli", "Anzahl der Auslnder in sterreich nach den zehn wichtigsten Staatsangehrigkeiten am 1. Race and ethnicity are two concepts related to human ancestry. The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity. Wallachia, the Southern region of Romania, takes its name from the same source. Between Prespa and Kastoria, they met and fought with a Bulgarian rebel named David. The three principalities were united for several months in 1600 under the authority of Wallachian Prince Michael the Brave. [136] One example is Tranquillo Andronico's 1534 writing that states that the Vlachs "now call themselves Romans". In Nicholson, Oliver (ed.). Januar 2021", "Announcement of the demographic and social characteristics of the Resident Population of Greece according to the 2011 Population Housing Census", "Bevolking; generatie, geslacht, leeftijd en herkomstgroepering, 1 januari", "Immigrants and Descentants, 1 January 2020", "Utrikes fdda samt fdda i Sverige med en eller tv utrikes fdda frldrar efter fdelseland/ursprungsland, 31 december 2017, totalt", "Populao estrangeira com estatuto legal de residente: total e por algumas nacionalidades em territrio nacional 2019", "Permanent and non permanent resident population by canton, sex, citizenship, country of birth and age, 20142015", "Immigrants and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents, 1 January 2022", "Foreigners in the Czechia by citizenship", "Foreigners by category of residence, sex, and citizenship as at 31 December 2016", "Pentru ce facem moschee la Bucureti: n cutarea romnilor ortodoci din Turcia", "Population by nationalities in detail 2011 - 2019", "HARTA romnilor plecai n strintate. Five years later, Bsescu (solely supported by the PDL this time) was narrowly re-elected for a second term in the 2009 presidential elections. That year, the governor of Servia, Nikulitsa received the position of leader (archon) of the Vlachs from Hellas from Emperor Basil II. Romani people constitute one of Romania's largest minorities. "Scythia Minor". The principal minorities in Romania are Hungarians ( Szeklers, Csangos, and Magyars; especially in Harghita, Covasna, and Mure counties) and Romani people, with a declining German population (in Timi, Sibiu, Braov, or Suceava) and smaller numbers of Poles in Bukovina (Austria-Hungary attracted Polish miners, who settled there from the Krakw Romanian nationalist believe their are descanded from Dacians. Birth rates are generally higher in rural areas compared to urban areas. The Diocese of Dacia (circa 337602) was a diocese of the later Roman Empire, in the area of modern-day Balkans. Romania has 41 counties and one city with a special status, namely Bucharest. Curta, Florin (2006), pp. Anual cresc 17 orae mici", World Population Prospects. In 2004 the country . An eastern Romanian: 0.1% Southeast Asian + 0.1% Broadly East Asian + less than 0.1% Broadly East Asian and Native American Another eastern Romanian: 0.6% Mongolian + 0.1% Yakut + 0.2% Broadly East Asian Another eastern Romanian: 0.9% East Asian, 0.1% Native American, 0.2% Broadly East Asian and Native American One of the earliest examples comes from the Nibelungenlied, a German epic poem from before 1200 in which a "Duke Ramunc from the land of Vlachs (Wallachia)" is mentioned. In Kazhdan, Alexander (ed.). In 2004, Traian Bsescu, the PNL-PD candidate of the Justice and Truth Alliance (DA), was elected president. Romanians are usually traditional and very attached to their families, so even you are dating an independent Romanian, don't underestimate the importance of the family in their life. The closest ethnic groups to the Romanians are the other Romanic peoples of Southeastern Europe: the Aromanians (Macedo-Romanians), the Megleno-Romanians, and the Istro-Romanians. Petrache Poenaru, inventor of the fountain pen, Nicolae Paulescu, pioneer of insulin development, Victor Babe, physician and bacteriologist, pioneer of microbiology. On the one hand, the Transylvanian Saxons and the Transylvanian Romanians (with consistent support on behalf of the Austrian Empire) successfully managed to oppose the goals of the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, with the two noteworthy historical figures leading the common Romanian-Saxon side at the time being Avram Iancu and Stephan Ludwig Roth. Editor i traductor: B. According to the 2011 Romanian census, they number 621,573 people or 3.08% of the total population, being the second-largest ethnic minority in Romania after Hungarians,[21] with significant populations in Mure (8.9%) and Clrai (7,47%) counties. Unpaid care and protected characteristics; ethnic group, England and Free elections were held in 1990. [168][169] Subclades I1 and I2 can be found in most present-day European populations, with peaks in some Northern European and Southeastern European countries. Over 60% of all Romanian Ukrainians live in Maramure County (where they make up 6.77% of the population). They traded and transported salt throughout the Bulgar Empire. Almost 90% of all Romanians consider themselves religious. Ilfov County has the highest crude birth rate (12.0), while Vlcea County has the lowest crude birth rate (6.6). The contemporary total population of ethnic Romanians cannot be stated with any degree of certainty. 4954, Ibn al Nadim, al-Fihrist. The influence of Roman culture extends beyond the borders of the Roman Empire, especially due to the influence of Latin and its expansion throughout Middle Europe. 671,9851,079,726 (2021) Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups. Estimates of the number of Romanian people worldwide vary from minimum 24 to maximum 30 million, in part depending on whether the definition of the term "Romanian" includes natives of both Romania and Moldova, their respective diasporas, and native speakers of both Romanian and other Eastern Romance languages (or Daco-Romance languages). A degree of overlap may exist or be shared between Romanian and other ethnic identities in certain situations, and census or survey respondents may elect to identify with one particular ancestry but not another, or instead identify with multiple ancestries; Counts and estimates may inconsistently distinguish between Romanian nationality and Romanian ethnicity (i.e. Other old documents, especially Byzantine or Hungarian ones, make a correlation between the old Romanians as Romans or their descendants. The Romans ( Latin: Rmn; Ancient Greek: , romanized : Rhmaoi) [a] were a cultural group, variously referred to as an ethnicity [2] [3] [b] or a nationality, [4] [5] that in classical antiquity, from the 2nd century BC to the 5th century AD, came to rule large parts of Europe, the Near East and North . The country was under communist rule from 1948 until 1989, when the regime of Romanian leader Nicolae Ceauescu was overthrown. Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2019. More recently, filmmakers such as Cristi Puiu and Cristian Mungiu have attracted international acclaim, as has fashion designer Ioana Ciolacu. King Decebalus who reigned from 87 to 106 AD was the last king of the Dacian kingdom before it was conquered by the Roman Empire in 106,[63] after two wars between Decebalus' army and Trajan's army. Haplogroup I occurs at 32% in Romanians. [122][123] The contemporary Byzantine historian Niketas Choniates however distinguishes "Great Vlachia" as a district near Meteora. However, Moldavia and Wallachia (extending to Dobruja and Bulgaria) were not entirely subdued by the Ottomans as both principalities became autonomous (which was not the case of other Ottoman territorial possessions in Europe). [158] A 2006 poll conducted by the Open Society Foundations found that only 33% of Romanians attended church once a month or more. Byzantine historians usually described foreign rulers as archontes. [9] Among the causes of population decline are high mortality, a low fertility rate since 1990, and tremendous levels of emigration. [155][156], According to the 2011 census, 93.6% of ethnic Romanians in Romania identified themselves as Romanian Orthodox (in comparison to 81% of Romania's total population, including other ethnic groups). Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. Roma, singular Rom, also called Romany or Gypsies (considered pejorative), an ethnic group of traditionally itinerant people who originated in northern India but live in modern times worldwide, principally in Europe. "Scythia Minor". The names derive from the Vlachs, who had lived across much of these regions. Release date: 24 April 2023. English translation: The Fihrist of al-Nadim. [10] For the entire period 19902006, the estimated population loss tops 1.5 million,[10] but it is likely to be higher, given the explosion of migration for work after 2001 and the tendency of some migrants to settle permanently in the countries where they live.[11]. [9], In 1990, Romania's population was estimated to be 23.21 million inhabitants. [73] The indigenous population of Scythia Minor was Dacian and their material culture is apparent archaeologically into the sixth century. List of ethnic groups - GOV.UK Most Roma speak some form of Romany, a language closely related to the modern Indo-European languages of northern India, as well as the major language of the country in which they . [69], Scythia Minor (c. 290 c. 680) was a Roman province corresponding to the lands between the Danube and the Black Sea, today's Dobruja divided between Romania and Bulgaria. Magoulias, Wayne State University Press, Detroit, 1984, p.238-371. [7], Romania's population has declined steadily in recent decades, from a peak of 23.2 million in 1990 to 19.12 million in 2021. [94]Kekaumenos's father-in-law was Nikulitzas Delphinas, a lord of Larissa who took part in the revolt of Bulgarians and Vlachs in Thessaly in 1066 AD. For example, Onoriu Colcel considers that the terms "Romania" and "Romanian" would only have appeared during the 19th century. [37], The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated. Romania is the largest of the countries of south-eastern . [152] However, some non-specialist organisations have produced estimates which are considerably higher: a 2002 study by the Romanian-American Network Inc. mentions an estimated figure of 1,200,000[43] for the number of Romanian Americans. A lot. Besides the separation of some groups (Aromanians, Megleno-Romanians, and Istro-Romanians) during the Age of Migration, many Vlachs could be found all over the Balkans, in Transylvania,[75] across Carpathian Mountains[76] as far north as Poland and as far west as the regions of Moravia (part of the modern Czech Republic), some went as far east as Volhynia of western Ukraine, and the present-day Croatia where the Morlachs gradually disappeared, while the Catholic and Orthodox Vlachs took Croat and Serb national identity. [143] According to Vladimr Baar and Daniel Jakubek, typically pro-Russian authors in Moldova tend to argue that "Romanian" as an ethnonym is only a mere recent product from Romanian nationalist historical myths despite the attestation of this name in old documents. 137-177. Topul rilor UE n care romnii reprezint cea mai mare comunitate", "Bosnia i Heregovina Comunitatea romneasc", "Total ancestry categories tallied for people with one or more ancestry categories reported, 2014 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates", "U.S. Census Bureau, 2009 American Community Survey", Romanian Communities Allocation in United States: Study of Romanian-American population (2002), "2011 National Household Survey: Data tables", "200.000 de romni triesc "visul brazilian", "AMERICA LATIN DRP Departamentul pentru Romanii de Pretutindeni", "The Week of the Romanian Diaspora in Argentina The immigration of the Romanians to Argentina", "Ci romni au prsit Romnia pentru a tri n strintate", "Romania - International emigrant stock 2019", "Ethnic composition, religion and language skills in the Republic of Kazakhstan", "Socio-economic development of the Republic of Kazakhstan", "Recensmnt 2022.
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